Mientras (Spanish for “while”), comes from the Latin dum interim, meaning, “in the meantime,” which itself comes from the earlier basic prefix, inter-. Interim has entered formal English speech meaning the same, of course.

The n-t-r root is visible in both mientras and interim — but it is less obvious because of the m– opening sound, from the lost prefix dum (“out of”).

Salir, the common Spanish word meaning, “to leave” sounds like it has nothing to do with anything. Or does it?

Salir comes from the Latin salire meaning the same, “to jump”. Surprise, surprise.

From this same Latin root was get a bunch of fun English words, including:

• Assault — an assault is literally someone jumping out at you!
• Assail — the same as an assault!
• Salient — that which stands out at you is, literally, that which jumps out at you!

We also get another Spanish word from the same root: saltar (“to jump”). You can see the s-l mapping across all descendants of the word!

Sacudir, Spanish for “to shake” comes from the Latin for the same, quatere.

From that same root, we get a bunch of English –cussion words, including:

• Discussion — that’s when you shake up what you’re talking about!
• Concussion — that’s when you shake someone so hard, they get hurt!
• Percussion — that’s when you shake the drums a lot!

You can see the s-c in reverse in the Spanish sacudir and the –cussion words.

Entender (Spanish for, “to understand”; and much more common than the other word for the same, comprender) comes from the Latin tendere, “to stretch out.”

From this root, we get the English extend — which is just a form of stretching.

We can also see how stretching became understanding if we remember that, to really understand something, you need to stretch your brain and creativity to the limits.

The t-n-d root is clear in both words as well. From the same root, we get other similar words that are metaphors for stretching out: intend, to tender, and even tentative

The Spanish lavar (“to wash”) comes from the almost-identical Latin, lavare.

From the same Latin root, we get the English… deluge. What is a deluge of, well, anything if not a flood of it?

Of course, this also means that the English antediluvian (literally, “before the flood”!) also comes from the same root!

We can see the parallel more clearly if we note that the l-v root of the Spanish lavar maps to the (d)-l-u of deluge, with the -u- turning into its cousin -u- during the process.